gmp_gcdext

(PHP 4 >= 4.0.4, PHP 5)

gmp_gcdext -- Calculate GCD and multipliers

Description

array gmp_gcdext ( resource a, resource b )

Calculates g, s, and t, such that a*s + b*t = g = gcd(a,b) , where gcd is the greatest common divisor. Returns an array with respective elements g, s and t.

This function can be used to solve linear Diophantine equations in two variables. These are equations that allow only integer solutions and have the form: a*x + b*y = c . For more information, go to the "Diophantine Equation" page at MathWorld

例子 1. Solving a linear Diophantine equation

<?php
// Solve the equation a*s + b*t = g
// where a = 12, b = 21, g = gcd(12, 21) = 3
$a = gmp_init ( 12 );
$b = gmp_init ( 21 );
$g = gmp_gcd ( $a , $b );
$r = gmp_gcdext ( $a , $b );

$check_gcd = ( gmp_strval ( $g ) == gmp_strval ( $r [ 'g' ]));
$eq_res = gmp_add ( gmp_mul ( $a , $r [ 's' ]), gmp_mul ( $b , $r [ 't' ]));
$check_res = ( gmp_strval ( $g ) == gmp_strval ( $eq_res ));

if (
$check_gcd && $check_res ) {
    
$fmt = "Solution: %d*%d + %d*%d = %d\n" ;
    
printf ( $fmt , gmp_strval ( $a ), gmp_strval ( $r [ 's' ]), gmp_strval ( $b ),
    
gmp_strval ( $r [ 't' ]), gmp_strval ( $r [ 'g' ]));
} else {
    echo
"Error while solving the equation\n" ;
}
    
// output: Solution: 12*2 + 21*-1 = 3
?>